The Fascinating Process of Manufacturing Graphics Cards || The Power Color factory

Incoming Quality Control

At the Power Color factory, the first step in the manufacturing process of graphics cards is the incoming quality control. This is where the validation and inspection of the incoming components take place. The process begins with the validation of Surface Mount Device (SMD) components. These components, such as capacitors and inductors, are placed on a trolley and fed into a machine. The machine uses an X-ray to count the number of components and verify their correctness. Once validated, a QR code is printed on the components for identification.

Incoming Inspection

After the quality control of the components, the next step is the incoming inspection. This is where external parts, such as coolers, are inspected for hazardous materials or elements. The parts are disassembled and subjected to an X-ray scan to check for any hazardous materials. The inspection process follows international standards and ensures that the parts meet the required specifications.

PCB Quality Control

Similar to the SMD components, the printed circuit boards (PCBs) also undergo quality control. The flatness and size of the PCBs are inspected to ensure they meet the required standards. A granite table is used to check the flatness of the PCB, and any deviation beyond the allowed limit results in rejection. The size of the PCB is also measured to ensure it falls within the acceptable range.

RMA Department

In the RMA (Return Merchandise Authorization) department, faulty graphics cards are reworked or repaired. The process involves removing and replacing the GPU on the PCB. The reballing process is performed, which includes adding solder paste and aligning the new balls on the GPU. This meticulous process ensures that the graphics cards are in optimal working condition.

Assembly Line

The assembly line is where the magic happens, and new graphics cards are born. The process begins with the assembly of the PCBs. The PCBs, vacuum-sealed to protect them from moisture, undergo soldering mask application. The solder paste is applied through a stencil, and the PCB is ready for component placement.

Pick and Place Machines

In the pick and place machines, tiny components, such as resistors and inductors, are picked from rolls and placed onto the PCB. These machines work together with precision, placing up to 77,000 pieces per hour. The process is automated and ensures the accurate placement of components.

Soldering and Inspection

After component placement, the PCBs go through a reflow oven for soldering. The reflow oven follows a specific temperature curve to ensure the proper soldering of components. Once soldered, the PCBs undergo inspection using a 3D camera to check the quality of solder joints and component alignment.

GPU and Memory Installation

The installation of the GPU and memory is a crucial step in the assembly process. Thermal paste is applied to ensure optimal heat transfer between the GPU and the cooler. The GPU and memory are inspected using X-ray technology to ensure proper soldering.

Testing and Packaging

Before packaging, the graphics cards undergo testing to ensure functionality and reliability. Some cards undergo a burn-in test for 24 hours, while others are tested for over an hour. Aging and reliability tests are also conducted to simulate the performance of the cards over time. Finally, the cards are packaged and prepared for shipment.

Conclusion

The process of manufacturing graphics cards is a complex and precise operation. From the incoming quality control to the assembly line, every step is meticulously executed to ensure the production of high-quality graphics cards. Power Color's dedication to quality and innovation is evident in their state-of-the-art factory and advanced manufacturing processes.